Efficacy of foam sclerotherapy in treatment of grade I and grade II bleeding hemorrhoids at Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna

Background: Sclerotherapy is the treatment of choice for first and second grade haemorrhoidal disease. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of polidocanol foam for haemorrhoidal disease.Methods: A total of 50 patients were treated with foam sclerotherapy (polidocanol 3%). Patients who presented with complain of bleeding per anum and diagnosed with first and second grade hemorrhoidal disease were included. Patients without bleeding per anum were not included. The primary objective was the stopping of perianal bleeding after one sclerotherapy session. Sclerotherapy was repeated at 2-week intervals until patients were free of bleeding. The final follow-up was 12 weeks after the last sclerotherapy session.Results: After one foam sclerotherapy session, 82% of patients (41 out of 50) were treated successfully. After second sclerotherapy, 98% of the patients (46 out of 50) were treated successfully. 2% of the patients received third sclerotherapy.Conclusions: In the treatment of first and second grade haemorrhoidal disease, polidocanol 3% foam is very effective and safe. The results of this study show that foam sclerotherapy is a new, innovative, effective and safe non-surgical treatment option for haemorrhoidal disease.

Clinical profile and outcome of stroke in relation to glycaemic status of patients.

The present study was undertaken in 50 patients of acute stroke to assess the role of glycaemic status on clinical profile and outcome of stroke. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group 1--Comprising of 25 patients of acute ischaemic stroke; Group 2--Comprising of 25 patients of acute haemorrhagic stroke. Each group was subdivided into euglycaemics, stress hyperglycaemics, newly diagnosed diabetics and known diabetics subgroups (stress hyperglycaemics, newly diagnosed diabetics and known diabetics together were called hyperglycaemics). Hyperglycaemics of both the groups had larger sized stroke. Neurological assessment done at day 1 and day 10 by Gillory's scoring system showed statistically significant improvement (P < 0.01) in all neurological functions in the euglycaemic subgroup in both the groups while in the hyperglycaemic subgroup improvement in higher mental function and motor function was insignificant (P > 0.05). There was statistically significant mortality (P < 0.05) (up to 10th day) with the hyperglycaemic subgroup in both the groups as compared to the euglycaemic subgroup.